World's Largest Radio Telescope under Construction in SW China

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Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope

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Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope

Location(s)	Pingtang County, People's Republic of China
Coordinates	25.6525°N 106.8567°ECoordinates: 25.6525°N 106.8567°E
Wavelength	electromagnetic spectrum: (10 cm to 4.3 m)[1]
Built	under construction
Telescope style	spherical reflector
Diameter	500±1 metre
Collecting area	196,000±1 square metre
Dome	none
Website	fast.bao.ac.cn/en/
[edit on Wikidata]

The Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) (Chinese: 五百米口径球面射电望远镜) or Tianyan (Chinese: 天眼) is a radio telescope under construction located in a natural basin (Chinese: 大窝凼洼地; literally: "Da Wo Dang depression"), inPingtang County, Guizhou Province, southwest China.^[2]

Construction on the FAST project began in 2011 and is scheduled for completion by September 2016. It will be the world's second largest radio telescope (after Russian RATAN-600, which has a sparsely filled aperture).^[3][4] It costs 700 million yuan^[5] (around 110 million US dollars at the time).

Contents

  [hide] 

• 1History
• 2Overview
• 3See also
• 4References
• 5Further reading

History[edit]

The telescope was first proposed in 1994. The project was approved by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) in July 2007.^[6] On December 26, 2008, a foundation laying ceremony was held on the construction site.^[7] Construction started in March 2011,^[5][8] and is scheduled for completion in 2016.^[8][9]

Overview[edit]

FAST will have 4600 triangular panels and be similar in design to the Arecibo Observatory, utilizing a natural hollow (karst) to provide support for the telescope dish. As the name suggests, it will have a diameter of 500 metres (1,600 ft). Unlike Arecibo, which has a fixed spherical curvature (and thus a complex feed system to counter spherical aberration), FAST will use an active surface that continually adjusts to create a parabola aligned with the desired sky direction. FAST will have an effective dish size of 300 m (comparable to Arecibo's effective diameter of 300 m for observations at zenith). FAST will be capable of covering the sky within 40° from the zenith (compared to Arecibo's 20° range). Its working frequency range will be 70 MHz to 3.0 GHz,^[4][10] with a pointing precision of 4 arcseconds.^[6] The 19-beam receiver is built by the CSIRO as part of the ACAMARcollaboration between the Australian Academy of Science and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. ^[11]

The site's karst depression is large enough to host the 500-meter telescope and deep enough to allow a zenith angle of 40°. The light-weight feed cabin —suspended 140 m above the reflector— will be driven by cables and servomechanisms in addition to a parallel robot as a secondary adjustable system to move with high precision.

The chief scientist of the project is Nan Rendong (Chinese: 南仁东),^[9] a researcher with the Chinese National Astronomical Observatory, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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